Minimally Invasive Spine

Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA)

Heat-based ablation of the nerves transmitting facet joint pain, providing longer-lasting relief than injections alone.

Minimally

Procedure Overview

If diagnostic injections have confirmed that your pain is coming from the facet joints, but the relief they provide does not last long enough, there is a next step. Radiofrequency ablation targets the same nerves those injections were temporarily blocking, and instead of numbing them for weeks, it treats them directly for months to years.

Treatment Purpose

Radiofrequency ablation uses controlled heat generated by radiofrequency waves to ablate the medial branch nerves that transmit pain signals from arthritic facet joints to the brain. Once those nerves are treated, they can no longer transmit the pain signal. When the nerve eventually regenerates, the procedure can be safely repeated.

Appropriate Conditions

Cervical or lumbar facet joint arthritis confirmed by positive medial branch blocks
Axial neck and back pain
Sacroiliac joint pain in select cases

Patient Considerations

RFA is a well-established, minimally invasive outpatient procedure. There is no hospital stay, no general anesthesia, and no implants. Before the ablation begins, our physicians use sensory and motor testing to confirm that the needle is positioned at exactly the right nerve, not near any structures that should not be treated. You are awake and monitored throughout the entire procedure.

Treatment Process

The procedure takes 45 to 75 minutes under local anesthesia and fluoroscopic guidance. You lie face down. Radiofrequency needles are positioned at the medial branch nerves of the target facet joints. Sensory and motor testing confirms correct placement before controlled thermal ablation is performed. You go home the same day. Most patients experience some temporary soreness for a few days. Full benefit develops over 2 to 4 weeks.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I need medial branch blocks before this procedure?

Yes. Two confirmed positive diagnostic medial branch blocks are required before RFA. This ensures the procedure is targeting the actual source of your pain.

How long will the relief last?

Relief typically lasts 6 months to 2 years. When the nerve regenerates, the procedure can be safely repeated.

What are the risks?

Low risk. Temporary soreness is common. Numbness, skin changes, or infection are uncommon.

Medical disclaimer: This page provides general information and is not medical advice. It does not replace an evaluation by a qualified physician. Talk with a doctor about your specific condition and treatment options. If you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911.

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